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Content:Arent, Stefan, Wolfgang Nagl: Unemployment Compensation and Wages: Evidence from the German Hartz Reforms JBNST - Vol. 233/4 - 2013, pp. 450-466.
+ show abstract- hide abstractUsing the introduction of fixed unemployment assistance in Germany in 2005 as a unique natural
experiment, we find strong evidence that decreased unemployment compensation has an
adverse effect on wages. We use micro panel data to identify and estimate the effect of this
structural break. In eastern and western Germany, the relative effect is higher for women.
In western Germany, the relative effect increases with skill level. In eastern Germany, there
is no clear skill-specific pattern. Blomeyer, Dorothea, Manfred Laucht, Katja Coneus, Friedhelm Pfeiffer: Early Life Adversity and Children’s Competence Development: Evidence from the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk JBNST - Vol. 233/4 - 2013, pp. 467-485.
+ show abstract- hide abstractThis paper investigates the role of early life adversity and home resources in terms of competence
formation and school achievement based on data from an epidemiological cohort study
following 364 children from birth to adolescence. Results indicate that organic and psychosocial
risks present in early life as well as the socio-emotional home environment are significant
predictors for the formation of competencies. Competencies acquired at preschool age predict
achievement at school age. A counterfactual analysis is performed to assess trade-offs in the
timing of interventions in the early life cycle. Kowalewski, Julia: Inter-industrial Relations and Sectoral Employment Development in German Regions JBNST - Vol. 233/4 - 2013, pp. 486-504.
+ show abstract- hide abstractThis paper analyses the impact of cluster structures on employment development in Germany
according to the hypothesis of Porter (1998). It develops a new way of measuring the co-location
of suppliers and buyers of intermediate goods in a region based on an input-output approach.
The resulting indicator is implemented in a shift-share regression in order to analyse
the importance of input-output linkages for the employment development in individual industries.
One advantage of this approach is that the results can be compared to earlier studies on
localization advantages according to Marshall (1890).
The results show that the availability of suppliers and customers in the same region was a major
engine for job creation in specific industries in the past. In the period 1998 to 2007 this was
particularly observed for service sectors, such as Air Transport or Health and SocialWork but
also for some manufacturing industries as well as for Agriculture and Construction. It becomes
apparent from the comparison with earlier findings that agglomeration advantages are not
realizable within a single industry. Positive effects rather result from the right composition
of different industries that have the possibility to establish common production chains.
However, for a lot of industries the intensity of inter-industrial interdependence did not
play a significant role for their employment development. Peters, Heiko, Benjamin Weigert: Employment Changes Within German Multinational Companies During the Global Recession 2008/2009 JBNST - Vol. 233/4 - 2013, pp. 505-525.
+ show abstract- hide abstractExplanations for the robust situation of the German labour market in the course of the global
recession 2008/09 are the usage of short-time work schemes, the higher internal labour flexibility
due to provisions of collective agreements and the reduction of positive balances on
working-time accounts. However, another aspect has not been paid much attention to so
far. Multinational companies could have reduced employment as a reaction to the global recession
not in their home country, but mostly in their foreign affiliates. The possibility ofmultinational
companies to choose in which countries they change employment as a reaction on a
changed economic situation would have enhanced German economic policy measures. Using
the microdatabase direct investment provided by the Deutsche Bundesbank, we analyze the
employment changes within German multinational companies during the global recession
2008/9.We find evidence that employment adjustments took place mainly in the foreign affiliates
stabilizing employment in Germany. Savin, Ivan: A Comparative Study of the Lasso-type and Heuristic Model Selection Methods JBNST - Vol. 233/4 - 2013, pp. 526-549.
+ show abstract- hide abstractThis study presents a first comparative analysis of Lasso-type (Lasso, adaptive Lasso, elastic
net) and heuristic subset selection methods. Although the Lasso has shown success in many
situations, it has some limitations. In particular, inconsistent results are obtained for pairwise
highly correlated predictors. An alternative to the Lasso is constituted by model selection based
on information criteria (IC), which remain consistent in the situation mentioned. However,
these criteria are hard to optimize due to a discrete search space. To overcome this problem,
an optimization heuristic (Genetic Algorithm) is applied. To this end, results of aMonte-Carlo
simulation study together with an application to an actual empirical problem are reported to
illustrate the performance of the methods.
Book Reviews Theurl, Theresia (Hrsg.): Empirische Institutionenökonomik: Konzeptionelle Fragen und Anwendungen JBNST - Vol. 233/4 - 2013, pp. 550-552.
Vanberg, Viktor J. (Hrsg.): Marktwirtschaft und soziale Gerechtigkeit JBNST - Vol. 233/4 - 2013, pp. 553-555.
Weimann, Joachim, Andreas Knabe, Ronnie Schöb: Geld macht doch glücklich. Wo die ökonomische Glücksforschung irrt JBNST - Vol. 233/4 - 2013, pp. 556-557.
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